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  • SABBATH AND FESTIVALS — Photo: ) Tashlikh a ceremony held near a sea or a running stream on the first day of Rosh Ha Shannah the name deriving from You wilt cast (tashlikh) all their sins into the depths of the sea (Micah 7:19). Photo: Ya acov Sa ar, Israel Government… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • COMMUNITIES — The first female rabbi in Italy celebrates Ḥanukkah at Lev Chadash synagogue in Milan, 2004. © Silvia Morara/Corbis.   IN 2005, THE WORLDWIDE JEWISH POPULATION WAS ESTIMATED TO BE CLOSE TO 14 MILLION PERSONS, WITH ITS LARGEST NUMBERS IN NORTH… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • SYNAGOGUES — Interior view: Holy of the El Ghriba synagogue, Djerba, Tunisia, 1981. Photo: Jan Parik. By courtesy of Beth Hatefutsoth Photo Archive, Tel Aviv.   THE SYNAGOGUE, A GATHERING PLACE FOR THE JEWS, BECAME A SUBSTITUTE FOR THE TEMPLE OF JERUSALEM… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • SABBATH AND FESTIVALS — <! > !shavuotfestival of the first fruitscelebrated in a kibbutz in israel with the presentation of first fruits. Shavuot festival of the first fruits celebrated in a kibbutz in Israel with the presentation of first fruits. In the Temple… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • KETUBBOT — Depictions of the Holy City and the Temple, Padua, Italy, 1732. Parchment, tempera, gold powder, pen and ink, 88.7 × 59 cm. Collection, The Israel Museum, Jerusalem. Photo © The Israel Museum, Jerusalem.   A DOCUMENT, IN ARAMAIC, RECORDING THE… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • HOLY LAND IN MAPS — Heinrich Bunting, German, 1546–1606. The Whole World in a Clover Leaf. Woodcut, 1581. Gift of Tamar and Teddy Kollek, Jerusalem. The Israel Museum, Jerusalem. Photo: Z. Radovan, Jerusalem.   THE HISTORY OF THE MAPPING OF THE HOLY LAND EPITOMIZES… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • CEREMONIAL OBJECTS — Ḥanukkah lamp made from stone, 6th century En Gedi. Photo: Z. Radovan, Jerusalem.   THE PRODUCTION OF CEREMONIAL OBJECTS WAS A MAJOR VENUE THROUGH WHICH JEWS EXPRESSED THEIR ARTISTIC ABILITIES, DESPITE THE PARTIAL PROHIBITION AGAINST SCULPTURE.… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • ANIMALS OF THE BIBLE — < > Bronze figurines of bulls dating from the 12th–10th c. B.C.E., Judea. Photo: Z. Radovan, Jerusalem.   THERE ARE HUNDREDS OF ANIMALS MENTIONED THROUGHOUT THE BIBLE, RANGING FROM THE FANTASTIC, SUCH AS THE GREAT FISH THAT SWALLOWS JONAH, TO THE …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • ART AND CALLIGRAPHY — Israeli painter. Oil on canvas, 50 65 cm. Collection, The Israel Museum, Jerusalem. Purchased through the Batsheva Fund LOmanuth vHaskala. ) Safed Landscape, 1950, by Menachem Shemi (1896–1951), Israeli painter. Oil on canvas, 50 × 65 cm.… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • LIFE CYCLE — A bar mitzvah boy surrounded by family and friends carries the Torah Scroll as part of the Torah reading at the Western Wall, one of the favored sites in Israel to commemorate a boy s Jewish coming of age. Photo: Z. Radovan, Jerusalem.   FOR A… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • ART AND CALLIGRAPHY — Israeli sculptor. The gates contain themes of the menorah, the Hebrew letter shin, a tree, and praying hands. Iron. Photo: David Harris. ) Ornamental entrance gates to the Israel President s Residence, 1971, by Bezalel Schatz (1912–1978), Israeli …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

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